+rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ It argues that although deficient in popular sovereignty, the Constitutions legitimacy is moot since it is the operative law that governs the country. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Matters, enumerated in the exclusive list are selected for the federal authority, while matters that fall within the concurrent list are selected for the federal government, and the regions. It is our pleasure. Federalism as a system of government has been approached with variegated definitions such that one might argue that there are much definitions of federalism as there are authors on the subject. In this article, I will elucidate and discuss with references the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. In my view, federalism is a good system for Nigeria. Thus, there is continuous agitation by many ethnic nationalities for a sovereign national conference in order to renegotiate the Nigeria federal deal to put Nigeria on the path of true federalism to guarantee her unity and co-existence. This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. Reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria include: 1. I have said that Nigeria is reputed to be the largest black country around, even Nigeria has claimed to be the giant of Africa by . Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? Resource control: 3.7 7. Federalism in Nigeria. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Government at different periods had set up commissions to advise on the acceptable revenue sharing formula, especially as it affects the three (3) tiers of government. This was a period when long efforts were made to identify the legal relationships between the Leagues and the City States (Mogi, 1931:21). We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. ! The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. However, that is not so in a federal government system. The Journal of Pan African Studies, vol.8, no.2, . Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, Differences Between First, Second and Third Degree Murder, Best Lawyers In The World (With Pictures): Top 10 Most Popular, Factors that Limits Independence of the Judiciary in Nigeria, Statute of Fraud: Contracts Required to be in Writing, Advantages And Disadvantages Of a Limited Liability Company (LLC), Richest Christian Musicians In The World: Top 10 Wealthiest, Countries With The Highest Minimum Wage 2022: Top 13, Best Handworks/Skills To Learn In Nigeria 2023: Top 12 Most Lucrative, Richest Engineers In Nigeria 2022: Top 10 Highest Paid, Cheapest Places to Live in the United Kingdom 2022: 12 Most Affordable, Cheapest Places/Cities To Live In Nigeria 2022. The paper identifies and discusses the problems associated with separatist movements and how they affect national and social security, and argues that while the definition of state failure is contested and therefore Nigeria cannot yet be called a failed state, but certainly a fragile state. But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, . Bashar Abubakar Bukkuyum This is good 'nd thank you Blogger. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. Northern Cameroons should remain with Northern Nigeria but Southern Cameroon should be granted autonomy with a legislature of its own. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. This is so because where federal principles apply, the various ethnic groups that cannot or dont form majority to produce large part may have the opportunity of governing themselves within their federating unit controlled by them. Federalism is a system of government where there are a decentralization power and autonomy of governance to the regional or federated states that share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Mere desire to unite is not enough but there must be the desire to remain separate in respect to other matters. The proximity of the tongues and tribes in Nigeria made it possible for the adoption of federalism in the country. Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. June 1,2022 The governmental powers are shared between the federal government and the thirty-six state governments. by the federal or any state government. It is not surprising that Nigeria in its 55 years of political sojourn has tried different forms of federalism. In Nigerias case, the tongues and tribes that made up Nigeria has one colonial history. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. In light of this, a constitution is said to be federal when its operates two levels of government, that is the federal and state, and each of this level exercise its different powers without interference by the other level. /Type /Page The chief architect of this theory is Riker. There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. Another reason why federalism is adopted by any country is that of its population. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide ), Constitutionalism, Constitution Making and Constitutional Reform in Africa: Contemporary Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa, Chapter IX: The politics and policies of oil deregulation in Nigeria: Implications and policy suggestions. This paper consequently argues that the anxiety as well as angst attributable to this agitation has the tendencies of not only disrupting the relative-peace presently enjoyed by the various groups, but is also, if not controlled, capable of plunging the country into a state of economic comatose and perpetual fragility. Such arrangement would inter alia breed neglect, frustration and aggression; no thanks to the red-tape inherent in unitarism. On the contrary it has also been suggested that is created more diversity and conflict for the nation to grapple with. /F2 9 0 R a group of selected academic teachers this book is suitable for adoption as a resource for a case driven approach to teaching "Corporate Governance" courses at an upper undergraduate or graduate level. To begin with, the title of this book, " Last Train to Biafra " is allegorically evocative of the severing of, or rather the dead relationship between Nigeria and Biafra. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. sir Arthur Richards strengthened this proposal in 1945 and regionalism was introduced by his administration in 1946. Dual federalism was dominant from the 1790s until the 1930s. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces. was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of . Multi-Ethnicity Nigeria is a country with a lot of ethnic groups. It is also an undisputed fact that the Hausas and Yorubas fought Biafra to keep the unity of Nigeria. Other specific reasons for the increasing demand for decentralisation are: Central governments increasingly are finding that it is impossible for them to . Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. +roiF9_? AK ku nh4P9\ }}31Ik "V mk@G~ . That notwithstanding, The origin and concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. Payment Details. Minority Issues and the Creation of State | Week 10. There is no doubt that geographical factored are one of the influential reasons for federalism in Nigeria. Nigeria is confronted to the boomerang effects of the evolution of its federalism. From that date, the concept of federalism incorporated the idea of patterned contact at two levels: at the governmental level between the participating units, and among the citizens of these different units (Dare, 1979:26). >> Stated reasons of the coup were prevailing gangsterism and disorder, corruption and nepotism in the civil government. What a nice and educating document!We are grateful for this post. The military were able to create more states because military decrees do not pass the same rigorous method bills pass in a democratic government. Therefore, striking an acceptable delicate balance between these two divides, has, time and again, become a well known problematic world over. Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Also see: Reasons why lawyers wear wigs to court, Origin and nature of federalism in Nigeria. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. It concluded that the interplay of these variables leads to the degeneration of the national question and. 74 . 2. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. RESTRUCTURE OR DISINTEGRATE, OFFICIAL CORRUPTION AND THE DILEMA OF INSTABILITY IN NIGERIA, The Rationale for AfSol in Peace and Security: The Global, National and Regional Precipitants, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Giving Peace a Chance in Nigeria: The Case for a Preventive Diplomacy, Framing of Neo-Biafra Agitations in Selected Nigerian Newspapers, CRISES OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE FUTURE OF THE MIDDLE BELT REGION, Social Media and Hate Speech: Analysis of Comments on Biafra Agitations, Nigeria. Also it is more useful to expansiate on them. Useful tips on how to download from YouTube using SS, 10 most delicious Nigerian dishes for dinner, "Youve admitted election was flawed", Atiku replies Tinubu campaign, Whitney Adeyemi: Protest Hits Lagos as Residents Besiege Chrisland School, Long Fulani tribal braids: 30 beautiful styles to try out, Old Naira notes: 5 key things to know about Supreme Court's final verdict, "Precious don finish work": Little girl with 'anointing' prays passionately over food as mum watches, video trends. Keywords: Civil war, Secession, Self-determination, Nationalism and Restructuring, This work critically examines the issues undermining the unification of Nigeria, using indicators and concepts including failed state, separatist agitation and insecurity. Minority Marginalization 3.6 6. Trouble for INEC staff who violated Electoral Act during presidential polls as c 53 things to do with your boyfriend: fun ways to spend time together, Presidential election: Jack-Rich salutes Tinubu, Shettima over victory, Maritime workers hail Supreme Court over old naira notes, says cargo can now leave ports, Dating apps in Nigeria: best applications to help you find the one. CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card ($15) GHANA - Make Payment of 80 GHS to MTN MoMo, 0553978005, Douglas Osabutey. This is because federalism is presented as a panacea in organizing distinct political identities under a state. Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. Ethnic, Religious and Geographical Factor 3.5 5. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. Federalism was the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the leaders and the citizens and that was why federalism was adopted into the Nigerian political system. Also see: Historical constitutional development in Nigeria explained. %PDF-1.5 Why indirect rule succeeded in Northern Nigeria, SEE REASONS HERE. Fiscal Federalism and Democratic Governance in Nigeria - I. O. Taiwo 2004 The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. This has led to a deep sense of alienation and politics of ethnic identity. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Therefore, the adoption of a federal political framework in Nigeria was a necessity as the system was the only viable option for a multi-ethnic country like Nigeria. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Nigeria can be said to be operating the federal system of government, whereas in actual practice, the country is tending towards a unitary system. of diversities helps in a nations decision to adopt the aggregative or disaggregative type of federalism. The Plural nature of Nigeria: Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. Therefore, the problem with federalism in Nigeria is the mix-application or non-application of this clause especially as it has to do with power distribution (Awa, 1977). More so, the colonial masters with the Richards Constitution in 1947 launched Nigeria onto the path of the present federal system of government via the regionalization of the country. Regrettably, this system is founded on a militarily-conceived constitution lacking a fully enforceable bill of rights and clear governmental functions. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government.

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